docs: correct the implicit output-key section — the completion binding is transient

The completion is bound to `output` only while state_updates templates
render, then restored; an explicit `output` key in state_updates is now
honored; contention on `output` at a parallel join occurs only when the
key was absent before the super-step (every llm/agent/rag branch with
state_updates then leaves `output: null`). Recommends the named-key
pattern for map branches and fixes the reducer example and the
Branch-isolation bullet to match.
Dark-Alex-17 committed 2026-09-09 17:54:17 -06:00
1 parent 61c81a5665
commit 7e21409dc7
1 file changed
+43 -17
+43 -17
@@ -1141,15 +1141,35 @@ validator does not model. The most important of these is the implicit
### The implicit `output` key (gotcha)
Every LLM (and agent) node stores its raw completion in the `output` state
key. That is what `{{output}}` in `state_updates` templates against. In a
parallel super-step this counts as a write from every LLM/agent branch, so
a fan-out of **two or more LLM/agent nodes always contends on `output`**,
even when every declared `state_updates` key is distinct.
`{{output}}` in a `state_updates` template refers to the node's completion
(the raw text, or the extracted object when `output_schema` is set). The
binding is **transient**: the executor sets `output` to the completion,
renders every `state_updates` template, then puts `output` back to whatever
it was before the node ran — or to `null` if the key did not exist. An
LLM/agent/rag node therefore **never persists its completion under
`output`** on its own. If you want the completion to survive, name a key:
Because the load-time validator only computes declared write sets
(`state_updates` ∪ `output_schema`), this conflict surfaces at **runtime,
at the join**, after the branches have already executed:
```yaml
state_updates:
finding: "{{output}}"
```
Writing `output` explicitly also works — `state_updates: { output:
"{{output}}" }` leaves `output` equal to the completion — but a named key
is the recommended pattern, especially for map branches (pair it with the
map's `output_key`, see [`map` nodes](#map)).
Two consequences of the restore step that bite in parallel super-steps:
- A node with **no `state_updates`** writes nothing at all. A map branch
that omits `state_updates` produces whatever `output` the fork inherited
(usually `null`), not the completion. Always declare what the branch
writes.
- When `output` was **absent** from state before the super-step, every
LLM/agent/rag branch that has `state_updates` leaves `output: null`
behind (the restore falls back to `null`). Two or more such branches
then contend on `output` at the join, even though every declared key is
distinct:
```
Key 'output' was written by 5 parallel branches but has no reducer
@@ -1157,22 +1177,27 @@ declared. Add a reducer for 'output' to the graph's `reducers:` block, or
rename one writer.
```
The fix is one declaration at the graph root. When (as is typical) each
branch captures its real result into its own key via `state_updates` and
nothing reads `output` after the join, `overwrite` is the idiomatic
When `output` already existed before the super-step, every branch restores
the same prior value, the state diff sees no write, and there is no
contention. The load-time validator only models declared write sets
(`state_updates` ∪ `output_schema`), so the `null` case surfaces at
**runtime, at the join**. The fix is one declaration at the graph root;
since the value being reduced is always `null`, `overwrite` is the right
choice:
```yaml
reducers:
output: overwrite # implicit LLM completion key; unused after the join
output: overwrite # transient completion binding; always null after the join
```
Merge order is deterministic (branches sorted by
`(node_id, invocation_index)`), so even `overwrite` reproducibly keeps the
last-sorted branch's completion across runs.
`(node_id, invocation_index)`), so `overwrite` is reproducible across runs.
Rule of thumb: **any parallel super-step containing 2+ LLM/agent nodes
needs a reducer for `output`.**
Rule of thumb: **a parallel super-step containing 2+ LLM/agent/rag nodes
with `state_updates` needs a reducer for `output` only if `output` may be
absent from state when the super-step starts.** Seeding `output` in
`initial_state` (or having any earlier node with `state_updates` run
first, which leaves `output: null` behind) makes the reducer unnecessary.
## Branch isolation
@@ -1186,7 +1211,8 @@ This means:
- Branches can freely mutate state **during** the super-step without
stepping on siblings — but every key a branch wrote participates in the
join, including the implicit `output` key every LLM/agent node sets, so
join, including the `output: null` residual an LLM/agent/rag node with
`state_updates` leaves behind when `output` was previously absent, so
any key written by 2+ branches needs a declared reducer (see
[the implicit `output` key](#the-implicit-output-key-gotcha))
- Race conditions are impossible since there is no shared mutable state during